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Question

2. Answer the following questions in about 30 words.
(i) Distinguish between the following in not more than 30 words.

(a) Ferrous and non-ferrous minerals
(b) Conventional and non-conventional sources of energy.

(ii) What is a mineral?
(iii) How are minerals formed in igneous and metamorphic rocks?
(iv) Why do we need to conserve mineral resources?

Accepted Answer

Answer :

(i) (a)

Ferrous minerals	Non-ferrous minerals
Metallic minerals which contain iron are called ferrous minerals, e.g. iron ore, manganese, nickel, cobalt, etc.	Metallic minerals which do not contain iron are called non-ferrous minerals, e.g. copper, bauxite, tin, etc.

(i) (b)

Conventional Sources of Energy	Non-conventional Sources of Energy
Conventional sources of energy are those sources which have been use since the early times.	Non-conventional sources of energy have generally been identified in the recent past.
They are exhaustible except hydro-energy.	They are inexhaustible.
They cause pollution when used as they emit smoke and ash.	Generally these are pollution-free.
Their generation and use involve huge expenditure.	Low expenditure required.
Very expensive to maintain, store, transmit as they are carried over long distances through transmission grids.	Less expensive due to local use and easy maintenance.
Examples are – coal, natural gas, water, fire-wood.	Examples are – geothermal energy, solar energy, wind energy, tidal energy, biogas energy, nuclear energy.

(ii) A mineral is a homogeneous, naturally occurring substance with a definable interior structure.

(iii) In igneous and metamorphic rocks, molten/liquid and gaseous minerals are forced upwards into the cracks. They then solidify and form veins or lodes.

(iv) It takes millions of years for the formation of minerals. Compared to the present rate of consumption, the replenishment rate of minerals is very slow. Hence, mineral resources are finite and non-renewable. Due to this, it is important that we conserve the mineral resources.

Class 10 Geography : Contemporary India II Chapter 5. Minerals and Energy Resources Summary, Explanation, Question Answers (NCERT Solutions)

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