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Question 1

Q21. Which of the following is an independent variable in teaching–learning process?

Teacher

Student

Institution

Parents

Answer

Answer : Teacher

As students depend upon teachers for learning, students are assumed to be dependent variables. Teachers are in a position to manipulate the behaviours of students, and hence, teachers are considered as independent variables. Teaching methods, teaching aids, and motivational techniques which also facilitate the teaching–learning process are termed as intervening variables.
⚔ DISCUSS

Question 2

Q22. Match List I with List II

List I (Teaching maxims)	List II (Main proponents)
(A) From whole to part	(I) Gestalt psychologists
(B) Self-study	(II) Dalton
(C) Training of senses	(III) Montessori and Froebel

A-I, B-II, C-III

A-I, B-III, C-II

A-II, B-III, C-I

A-II, B-I, C-III

Answer

Answer : A-I, B-II, C-III

List I (Teaching maxims)	List II (Main proponents)
(A) From whole to part	(I) Gestalt psychologists
(B) Self-study	(II) Dalton
(C) Training of senses	(III) Montessori and Froebel

⚔ DISCUSS

Question 3

Q23. At which of the following teaching levels, classroom environment is required to be sufficiently 'open and independent'?

Memory level

Understanding level

Reflective level

All of the above

Answer

Answer : Reflective level

Reflective Level of Teaching (RLT)
1. Hunt is the main proponent of reflective level of teaching.
2. It is the highest level of teaching and includes both ULT and MLT.
3. It is problem-centric approach of teaching.
4. The students are assumed to adopt some sort of research approach to solve the problem.
5. Classroom environment is to be sufficiently ‘open and independent’. The learners are motivated and active.
6. The aim is to develop the reflective power of learners so that they can solve problems of their lives by reasoning, logic, and imagination, and lead successful and happy lives.
7. The pupil occupies the primary place and teacher assumes the secondary place.
8. Essay-type test is used for evaluation. Attitude, belief, and involvement are also evaluated.
⚔ DISCUSS

Question 4

Q24. What is meant by the term ‘curriculum’ ?

The subject of study offered by an educational institution.

Organized whole of learning and other experiences provided by educational institutions to realize set goals.

The prescribed syllabi in the various subjects, plus practical courses and project/dissertation.

Theory and practical courses to be completed to qualify for a level of education.

Answer

Answer : Organized whole of learning and other experiences provided by educational institutions to realize set goals.

The term 'curriculum' means organized whole of learning and other experiences provided by educational institutions to realize set goals.

Curriculum:
A curriculum usually refers to a defined and prescribed course of study, which the students must fulfill in order to pass a certain level of education.
Curriculum can also be defined as the sum total of all the experiences that a student undergoes in the school including academic, cocurricular activities and other types of exposure.
⚔ DISCUSS

Question 5

Q25. The classification of cognitive domain was presented by

Benjamin S. Bloom

Skinner

Krathwohl

Simpson

Answer

Answer : Benjamin S. Bloom

The classification of cognitive domain was presented by Benjamin S. Bloom.

According to Bloom’s Classification of Teaching and Instructional Objectives, instructional objectives fall under one of the following three categories:
1. Cognitive domain
2. Affective domain
3. Psychomotor domain
⚔ DISCUSS

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