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⁞ Chemistry

General Science ➤ Chemistry ➤ 2
Question 1
Q1.  Methane is a colourless, odourless, non-toxic but flammable gas. What is its common name?
 

Answer :  Marsh gas


The common name of methane CH4 is Marsh gas, especially as generated by decaying matter in marshes.

  • Marsh gas has no color or odor.
  • It is lighter than air and has a specific gravity of 0.554.
  • It is only slightly soluble in water but is more soluble in ethyl alcohol and ethyl ether.
  • It is generally very stable.
  • It burns readily in air and produces carbon dioxide and water vapor.

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Question 2
Q2.  Which one of the following is not a natural fibre?
 

Answer :  Terylene


Natural fibres are defined as substances produced by plants and animals that can be spun into filament, thread or rope and further be woven, knitted, matted or bound.
There are three types of natural fibres.

  1. Vegetable fibres: The sources of this type of fibres are plants and the different parts of a plant. Cotton, Jute, linen, and hemp are the examples
  2. Animal fibres: We obtain this type of fibres from animals. Silk, wool are the examples.
  3. Mineral fibres: The only example which is obtained from the mineral resource is Asbestos.

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Question 3
Q3.  Iodex, a pain relief balm, has the smell of:
 

Answer :  Methyl salicylate


Iodex has the characteristic odour of Methyl salicylate, an organic ester naturally produced by many species of plants, particularly wintergreens. It is used in high concentrations as a rubefacient and analgesic in deep heating linments to treat joint and muscular pain.
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Question 4
Q4.  Rectified spirit is:
 

Answer :  95% ethyl alcohol


Rectified spirit, also known as ethyl alcohol of agricultural origin, is highly concentrated ethanol which has been purified by means of repeated distillation, called rectification. It typically contains 95% ethyl alcohol by volume.
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Question 5
Q5.  By which process is ethanol produced?
 

Answer :  Fermentation


Ethanol is produced through the process of fermentation, using glucose derived from sugars (sugarcane, sugar beet and molasses), starch (corn, wheat, grains) or cellulose (forest products) as raw materials. During fermentation, sugar is anaerobically converted into ethanol, water, and carbon dioxide.
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